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Application of Voltage Amplifier in the Study of Frequency Response Characteristics of Ceramic Capacitive Sensor

Author:Aigtek Number:0 Date:2025-10-21

Experiment Name: Experimental Study on Residual Voltage Signal Characteristics of Arresters Under Different Conditions

Research Direction: The internal capacitance value of the ceramic capacitive sensor is extremely small, hence its impedance is very high. Therefore, this sensor not only possesses the electrical insulation properties of ordinary composite insulators but also has the function of real-time measurement of line voltage. When a zinc oxide arrester is subjected to a lightning impulse, a nonlinear voltage signal of a certain amplitude will rapidly be generated across the arrester. Since the voltage signal across the arrester has characteristics such as large signal steepness and broad frequency band, the ceramic capacitive sensor is required to have good dynamic response characteristics to ensure accurate and reliable measurement of the residual voltage signal across the arrester. Therefore, this paper will study the frequency response characteristics of the ceramic capacitive sensor.

Testing Equipment: Voltage amplifier, signal generator, oscilloscope, standard voltage divider, voltage sensor, etc.

Experimental Process:

Frequency Response Characteristic Experiment Diagram

Figure 1: Frequency Response Characteristic Experiment Diagram

In the experiment, the signal output end of the function signal generator is connected to the signal input end of the voltage amplifier, and the high-voltage output end of the voltage amplifier is connected to the high-voltage terminal of the ceramic capacitive sensor and the standard voltage divider. Several identical voltage excitations are applied simultaneously to analyze the performance indicators such as waveform, spectrum, and transformation ratio accuracy of the voltage output signals at the secondary terminals of the ceramic capacitive sensor and the standard voltage divider. The frequency response characteristic experiment diagram is shown in Figure 1.

After setting the waveform parameters of the signal generator, the low-voltage signal transmitted from the signal generator is converted into a high-voltage signal by the voltage amplifier through its CH1 output channel connected to the input end of the voltage amplifier. The high-voltage output end of the voltage amplifier is connected to the high-voltage terminal of the standard voltage divider and the ceramic capacitive sensor. The voltage signal waveform at the low-voltage terminal of the standard voltage divider and the ceramic capacitive sensor is measured and recorded in real-time by a digital oscilloscope.

Experimental Results:

Frequency Response Characteristic Waveform

Figure 2: Frequency Response Characteristic Waveform

The experimental results are shown in Figure 2. To further compare the frequency response characteristics of the ceramic capacitive sensor with the standard voltage divider, the waveform data in Figure 2 is normalized, and then the harmonic content analysis of the normalized waveform data is carried out using the fast Fourier algorithm. The harmonic analysis results are shown in Figure 3.

Frequency Response Characteristic Harmonic Content

Figure 3: Frequency Response Characteristic Harmonic Content

By analyzing the harmonic content of the ceramic capacitive sensor's output response under different frequencies and waveform excitations in Figure 3, it can be found that under medium and low-frequency conditions, the 2nd to 7th harmonic content of the output response of the ceramic capacitive sensor is consistent with that of the standard voltage divider, indicating that the ceramic capacitive sensor has good frequency response characteristics and can replace the standard voltage divider to accurately measure the voltage waveform to a certain extent.

Recommended Voltage Amplifier: ATA-2082

ATA-2082 High-Voltage Amplifier Specifications

Figure: ATA-2082 High-Voltage Amplifier Specifications

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